01 The Problem
A century and a half of drilling left an inheritance nobody planned for.
West Virginia's oil and gas history goes back to the 1800s. Long after the booms have ended, the wells remain.
Some are formally orphaned, with no operator on record and no funds set aside to plug them. Many more are still
producing, just not enough gas to justify the pipeline that would carry it to market. The gas escapes anyway,
vented or flared at the wellhead.
For operators, an idle well is not a free asset. It carries bond capital locked with the state, annual
compliance costs, and a plugging bill that has only gotten heavier under recent EPA methane rules. For the
air, it means methane leaking at rates measured well above what regulators assume.
For the communities built around these wells, it means another extraction cycle ending with the value gone
and the liabilities left behind.
Orphaned in WV
21,000+
wells with no responsible operator
Value if vented
$0
gas to atmosphere · methane to sky
Sources: WV DEP Office of Oil & Gas, 2024 · Princeton/McGill methane study, 2018